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Chromozentrum
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Chromozentren (auch: Chromocentren) sind Chromatin-Strukturen in den Zellkernen mancher Eukaryoten, die sich durch DNA-Farbstoffe besonders stark anfärben lassen.cite-ref-1[1] Chromozentren werden unter Beteiligung von Satelliten-DNA durch das Aneinanderlagern der Centromere von mehreren Chromosomen gebildet,cite-ref-2[2] z. B. in Spermatozoen.cite-ref-3[3] Chromozentren gehören zum konstitutiven Heterochromatin.cite-ref-4[4]

Besonders ausgeprägte Chromozentren liegen bei Mauszellen (Mus musculus) vorcite-ref-5[5], während menschliche Zellen meist keine Chromozentren aufweisen.

Der Begriff geht zurück auf die italienische Plural-Form „cromocentri“ in einer Arbeit von 1908 von P. Baccarini, der Zellen des Malteserschwamms untersuchte.cite-ref-6[6]cite-ref-pmid23090282-7-0[7]

Einzelnachweise

cite-note-11. ↑ B. D. Berkovits, D. J. Wolgemuth: The first bromodomain of the testis-specific double bromodomain protein Brdt is required for chromocenter organization that is modulated by genetic background. In: Developmental biology. Band 360, Nummer 2, Dezember 2011, S. 358–368, ISSN 1095-564X. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.10.005. PMID 22020252. PMC 3217133 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-22. ↑ A. V. Probst, I. Okamoto, M. Casanova, F. El Marjou, P. Le Baccon, G. Almouzni: A strand-specific burst in transcription of pericentric satellites is required for chromocenter formation and early mouse development. In: Developmental cell. Band 19, Nummer 4, Oktober 2010, S. 625–638, ISSN 1878-1551. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2010.09.002. PMID 20951352.
cite-note-33. ↑ N. Alladin, S. I. Moskovtsev, H. Russell, S. Kenigsberg, A. G. Lulat, C. L. Librach: The three-dimensional image analysis of the chromocenter in motile and immotile human sperm. In: Systems biology in reproductive medicine. Band 59, Nummer 3, Juni 2013, S. 146–152, ISSN 1939-6376. doi:10.3109/19396368.2013.772679. PMID 23445178.
cite-note-44. ↑ A. N. Prusov, O. V. Zatsepina: Isolation of the chromocenter fraction from mouse liver nuclei. In: Biochemistry. Biokhimiija. Band 67, Nummer 4, April 2002, S. 423–431, ISSN 0006-2979. PMID 11996655. PDF.
cite-note-55. ↑ R. Mayer, A. Brero, J. von Hase, T. Schroeder, T. Cremer, S. Dietzel: Common themes and cell type specific variations of higher order chromatin arrangements in the mouse. In: BMC cell biology. Band 6, 2005, S. 44, ISSN 1471-2121. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-6-44. PMID 16336643. PMC 1325247 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-66. ↑ P. Baccarini: Sulle cinesi vegetative del "Cynomorium coccineum L." In: Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano Nuova Serie. Band 15, 1908, S. 189–203 (csic.es [PDF]).
cite-note-pmid23090282-77. ↑ K. L. Jost, B. Bertulat, M. C. Cardoso: Heterochromatin and gene positioning: inside, outside, any side? In: Chromosoma. Band 121, Nummer 6, Dezember 2012, S. 555–563, ISSN 1432-0886. doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0389-2. PMID 23090282. PMC 3501169 (freier Volltext).

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